Affidavit of ValueThe Affidavit of Property Value in Arizona is a form that has been created by Arizona Department of Revenue. It is required by the Arizona law (ARS § 11-1133)  and is to be

simultaneously recorded with all deed transfers. Exceptions can be made only when a person has a proper and justified exemption code.Sep 18, 2019  An Affidavit of Property Value is required for all

title transfers and recorded contract of sales unless one of the following conditions is met. (ARS §11-1134). https://recorder.maricopa.gov/site/pdf/New%20EXEMPTION%20CODES.PDF  EXEMPTIONS  

https://www.azleg.gov/ars/11/01134.htm  SAMPLE: https://www.ortconline.com/Web2/Downloads/English/Arizona/AZ-Affidavit-of-Property-Value.pdf

 

Antagonistic: showing or feeling active opposition or hostility toward someone or something.

ASSIGNEE VS NOMINEE:  A question came up during our Real Estate class asking, “What is the di�erence between a nominee and an assignee?” A buyer usually has the right to nominate a nominee topurchase the property. This has no impact on the seller. Common nominees include estate planning revocable trusts, real estate investment trusts, LLCs or corporations. A nominee is ordinarily a related entity to the buyer named in the purchase and sale agreement.

 

An assignment occurs when the buyer assigns their interest in the purchase and sale agreement to someone else. An assignee is an entirely di�erent person or entity. As a seller, with an assignee, be aware that it may be someone else at the closing. What doesthat mean? The assignee will “step into the shoes” of the buyer, attend the closing and bebound by the terms of the purchase and sale agreement. The purchase and saleagreement may not permit an assignment without permission of the seller.

 

B7 EXEMPTION: Exemption from having to file an Affidavit of Value.

 

Bilateral vs. Unilateral Contract What is a bilateral contract?  A bilateral contract is the most basic form. It is an agreement between at least two people or two companies. Most business and personal contracts fall into this bilateral category. You enter into this type of agreement when you buy something from a store or hire a gardener to mow your lawn. In real estate, the purchase and sale agreement between the buyer and the seller is a bilateral agreement. Both parties are participating with the buyer contracted to provide money and the seller to provide clear title for the property.

What is a unilateral contract?  The easiest way to understand a unilateral contract is to understand the word 'uno.' Uno means one. So in its simplest term, a unilateral contract requires the action of only one person or one group alone. In real estate contract law, unilateral contracts require only one person to make a promise and fulfill their obligation.

Listing Agreement - The most common unilateral real estate contract is the listing agreement between the broker and the selling owner. Only the seller "has to perform" and pay a commission if the house is sold by the broker. The broker "does not have to sell the house" if there are no buyers. Only the seller has to perform; unilaterally.

How are bilateral and unilateral contracts alike?  Both unilateral and bilateral contracts can be breached. A breach of contract is defined as a broken contract; failure to fulfill the terms of a contract. The injured party by the "breach" has to prove the same criteria whether to enforce a bilateral or unilateral contract in court. In each situation, the injured party needs to establish:

· The contract existed

· The contract was broken

· A loss was suffered

The person challenging was the injured party

BROKER:  Definition. A selling broker participates in facilitating a real estate transaction along with the listing broker who listed the property. Often, the cooperating broker is the agent who locates a buyer for the property and represents the buyer's interests during negotiation (while the listing agent represents the seller).

BROWSER:  Software application for accessing world wide web (chrome, firefox, internet explorer, safari).

CAPITAL STACK: The capital stack refers to the organization of all capital contributed to finance a real estate transaction or a company. Focusing on a real estate transaction, the capital stack defines who has the rights (and in what order) to the income and profits generated by the property throughout the hold period and upon sale. 

The CAPITALIZATION RATE, often just called the CAP RATE, is the ratio of Net Operating Income (NOI) to property asset value. So, for example, if a property was listed for $1,000,000 and generated an NOI of $100,000, then the cap rate would be $100,000/$1,000,000, or 10%.

CARTE BLANCHENOUN  complete freedom to act as one wishes or thinks best.  "we were given carte blanche"

CATCH MORE FLIES WITH HONEY:  The proverb you can catch more flies with honey than with vinegar means that it is much easier to get what you want by being polite rather than by being rude and insolent.

con·cil·i·a·to·ry,  kənˈsilēəˌtôrē/Submit adjective intended or likely to placate or pacify. "a conciliatory approach"... synonyms: propitiatory, placatory, appeasing, pacifying, mollifying, peacemaking "a conciliatory gesture"

CONTRARIAN (opposite of pragmatic):  adjective, opposing or rejecting popular opinion; going against current practice. (especially in stock exchange dealing, buying when others are selling, etc)  "the comment came more from a contrarian disposition than moral conviction" 

COOKIE:  A small data file sent from a website, stored on users web browser to track usage.

Dopamine:  Dopamine, serotonin, oxytocin and endorphins are the quartet responsible for our happiness. Many events can trigger these neurotransmitters, but rather than being in the passenger seat, there are ways we can intentionally cause them to flow.Oct 20, 2014

Hacking Into Your Happy Chemicals: Dopamine, Serotonin, Endorphins and Oxytocin     https://www.huffpost.com/entry/hacking-into-your-happy-c_b_6007660

DEFAME: verb: past tense: defamed; past participle: defamed   damage the good reputation of (someone); slander or libel.   "he claimed that the article defamed his family"

 

DEFINITIONS:  REAL ESTATE DEFINITONS:  OLD REPUBLIC REAL ESTATE DICTIONARY:  https://www.ortconline.com/Web2/Downloads/English/Arizona/Real-Estate-Dictionary_AZ.pdf

 

discombobulated: confused and disconcerted.

 

DISGRUNTLED: adjective: angry or dissatisfied.  "judges receive letters from disgruntled members of the public"

DNS: Domain Name System.  Links domain names to IP Address.

DURESS:  threats, violence, constraints, or other action brought to bear on someone to do something against their will or better judgment.      "confessions extracted under duress"                                                          In American Law:  In jurisprudence, duress or coercion refers to a situation whereby a person performs an act as a result of violence, threat, or other pressure against the person. 

Empirical:   adjective  (synonyms: observed, seen, factual, actual, real, verifiable, firsthand) Based on, concerned with, or verifiable by observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic. "they provided considerable empirical evidence to support their argument"   It is a way of gaining knowledge by means of direct and indirect observation or experience. Empiricism values such research more than other kinds. Empirical evidence (the record of one's direct observations or experiences) can be analyzed quantitatively or qualitatively. I'm still an empirical and evidence based guy.”

ERRONEOUSLY:  Adverb, In a mistaken way, incorrectly

 

ESOTERIC:  1 a. Intended for or understood by only a small group, especially one with specialized knowledge or interests: an esoteric philosophical doctrine. See Synonyms at mysteriousb. Relating to or being a small group with specialized knowledge or interests: an esoteric circle.   2. Not known by or suitable for the public; private: Few understood the celebrity's esoteric side.

estoppel certificateBy definition, an estoppel certificate is a “signed statement by a party certifying for another's benefit that certain facts are correct, as that a lease exists, that there are no defaults, and that rent is paid to a certain date.   Q: I wanted to know if there's a difference between a Estoppel certificate and a lease?  My client is purchasing a 4-plex and the listing agent provided me with estoppels certificates  for the property.  Is this same as a lease?  It does state the amount paid per month, I have just not seen it be called this. A: Hi X, By definition, an estoppel certificate is a “signed statement by a party certifying for another's benefit that certain facts are correct, as that a lease exists, that there are no defaults, and that rent is paid to a certain date.  However, this is not the same as having a copy of the lease to review all of the terms and conditions of the lease.  I would recommend reviewing a hard or electronic copy of the lease agreement(s) to ensure an understanding of the terms & conditions and all details of the lease.

estoppel is a legal principle that precludes a person from alleging facts that are contrary to previous claims or actions. In other wordsestoppel prevents someone from arguing something contrary to a claim made or act performed by that person previously.

estopverb, LAW: past tense: estopped; past participle: estopped    bar or preclude by estoppel.  To hinder or prevent by estoppel.   Estoppel is a judicial device in common law legal systems whereby a court may prevent, or "estop" a person from making assertions or from going back on his or her word; the person being sanctioned is "estopped". Estoppel may prevent someone from bringing a particular claim. Wikipedia

et seq., adverb, and what follows (used in page references).  "see volume 35, p. 329 et seq"

 

EXCULPATORY EVIDENCE:  Exculpatory evidence is evidence favorable to the defendant in a criminal trial that exonerates or tends to exonerate the defendant of guilt. It is the opposite of inculpatory evidence, which tends to prove guilt.

 

GOOGAL:  Feb 25, 2020 - 'Googol' is a mathematical term named by Milton Sirotta, mathematician Edward Kasner's nephew, and it means 10 raised to the power of 100, or 1 followed by 100 zeros. A Googolplex refers to a number of nearly incomprehensible size, being defined as '1 followed by a Googol of zeros.

HORIZONTAL INTEGRATION: (Also see vertical integration) horizontal integration consists of companies that acquire a similar company in the same industry, while a vertical integration consists of companies that acquire a company that operates either before or after the acquiring company in the production process. 

HOSTING: Makes website available to world wide web.  Web hosts provide space on a server through data center.

incentivize: provide (someone) with an incentive for doing something. "this is likely to incentivize management to find savings"

Income Discrimination, How to avoid Income Discrimination when evaluating tenants:  HERE

Insubordination:  defiance of authority; refusal to obey orders.

Jurisprudence:  The theory or philosophy of law. A legal system…”American jurisprudence.”

Knowledge:  Actual knowledge” typically includes only the information of which the person, or group of persons, whose knowledge is at issue, is consciously aware. It refers only to what the person knows when the statement is made. It does not include facts or information that the person has forgotten or that is in the person’s old files or records. 

 

Constructive knowledge” includes matters that a person is supposed to know or could have found out. A person may have constructive knowledge of something even if that person does not have, and never had, actual knowledge of it. Black’s Law Dictionary (10th Ed. 2014) defines “constructive knowledge” as “[k]nowledge that one using reasonable care or diligence should have, and therefore that is attributed by law to a given person.”

 

Imputed knowledge” means knowledge of one person attributed to another person. Knowledge is imputed from one person to another based on their legal relationship. For example, the knowledge of an agent may be imputed to the principal, the knowledge of an employee or officer may be imputed to the employer or company, and the knowledge of a partner may be imputed to other partners and to the partnership.

 

Best knowledge” is reflected in a statement such as “the following is true to the best of my knowledge,” or when a written statement or representation begins with “to the best of the knowledge, information, and belief of the undersigned.”

Many commercial lawyers believe that when a person makes a representation in a transactional document to that person’s “best knowledge,” the representation is based on more information than had that person used the phrase “the following is true to the knowledge of the undersigned.” Those lawyers believe that if the phrase “best knowledge” is used, it implies that the knowledge of the person making the representation is based on research, due diligence, or investigation done shortly before the time that the representation is made. But most reported cases about the meaning of “best knowledge” have reached the opposite conclusion and hold that if a person uses the term “best knowledge” in an affidavit, application, or representation the term embodies a level of uncertainty.

If a rule of court requires a statement to the personal knowledge of someone, a statement to the “best knowledge” of a person is insufficient. A statement made to the “best knowledge” of a person does not mean that the person 

 

LAWS:  HOW ARE LAWS CREATED IN ARIZONA…?

How are the (ARS) Arizona Revised Statutes (statute) and (AAC) Arizona Administrative Code (rules) created?

 

Arizona Administrative Code: Title 4. Professions and Occupations, Chapter 28. State Real Estate Dept  ARTICLE 11. PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT  R4-28-1101 Duties to Client and R$-28 1103 Broker Supervision.

 

HOW ARE LAWS CREATED…?  The Arizona State Legislature bears the responsibility for creating and/or accepting changes to statutes. Statutes begin as bills submitted to the Legislature which may undergo changes during the process of becoming law. Once the Legislature completes their process the resultant bill is sent to the Governor’s Office for signature. Provided that the Governor does not have a problem with the bill that would cause the veto process to be enacted, the bill is signed and becomes law 90 days after signature unless the bill includes an emergency clause in which case it becomes law immediately.

 

WHERE ARE THE RULES PUBLISHED…?  In the Arizona Administrative Code, AAC:  The Arizona Administrative Code is the official publication of Arizona’s codified rules and is published by the Administrative Rules Division (Division). State agencies, boards and commissions, are given rulemaking authority from the state Legislature. Rule sections are published in chapters under titles in quarterly Code supplements.

 

HOW ARE RULES CREATED…? The Arizona Administrative Code (rules) are proposed by the licensing agency holding the responsibility under their statutes to develop rules.  The rule making process is somewhat complicated but the important thing to remember is that this process involves public comment. Therefore, the consumer can be involved in the development and process of rule making. If you are interested in more details on the rule making process you can find the information at the Secretary of State’s website (www.azsos.gov(link is external)) under the Business Services/Publications area.

 

RULES:  The definition for a rule is provided for under A.R.S. § 41-1001. “‘Rule’ means an agency statement of general applicability that implements, interprets, or prescribes law or policy, or describes the procedures or practice requirements of an agency.”

 

MISOGYNIST:  noun  a person who dislikes, despises, or is strongly prejudiced against women. "a misogynist attitude"

 

MULTIGENERATIONAL:  adjective   relating to several generations.  multigenerational families"

NMLS: Nationwide Mortgage Licensing System 

Obstinateadjective:  stubbornly refusing to change one's opinion or chosen course of action, despite attempts to persuade one to do so. (stubborn, inflexible)  While stubborn may have positive or negative connotations, obstinate is most definitely negative, because it implies a kind of hard-headed determination not to change your mind even when it might be best to rethink your position.

OPERATING SYSTEM: Software platform that manages computer hardware, how it interacts with other software programs, hardware devices, etc...Windows, Google Chrome, Androis (mobile) Apple, Mac os, iphone, ipad, firefox (Mozilla).

PARADIGM:  noun a typical example or pattern of something; a model.  A paradigm is a standard, perspective, or set of ideas. A paradigm is a way of looking at something. The word paradigm comes up a lot in the academic, scientific, and business worlds. ... When you change paradigms, you're changing how you think about something.

PARADIGM SHIFT:  noun  a fundamental change in approach or underlying assumptions. "geophysical evidence supporting Wegener's theory led to a rapid paradigm shift in the earth sciences"  paradigm shift is a major change in the concepts and practices of how something works or is accomplished. ... For example, the assembly line created a substantial paradigm shift, not only in the auto industry but in all other areas of manufacturing as well.Jun 27, 2019  Paradigms are generally defined as a framework that has unwritten rules and that directs actions. A paradigm shift occurs when one paradigm loses its influence and another takes over. The concept defines paradigm and paradigm shift and explains how it can relate to company strategies and industry cycles.

ParadigmA typical example or pattern of something; a model. Paradigms are generally defined as a framework that has unwritten rules and that directs actions. A paradigm shift occurs when one paradigm loses its influence and another takes over. The concept defines paradigm and paradigm shift and explains how it can relate to company strategies and industry cycles.

Paradigms are powerful because they create the lens through which we see the world   If you want small changes in your life, work on your attitude.  But if you want big and primary changes, work on your paradigm.”  DR. STEPHEN R COVEY

PAROLE EVIDENCE RULE:  In general, the parol evidence rule prevents the introduction of evidence of prior or contemporaneous negotiations and agreements that contradict, modify, or vary the contractual terms of a written contract when the written contract is intended to be a complete and final expression of the parties' agreement.

 

 

PERSONALIZE:  cause (something, especially an issue, argument, or debate) to become concerned with personalities or feelings rather than with general or abstract matters.  "the mass media's tendency to personalize politics".  Don’t personalize the terms and conditions of the transaction, those are between the seller and buyer.  Do not personalize the issues.  Do not let them “yanking your chain” get under your skin.

PERMISSIVE:  Legal hotline, 3/13/2020, the word “may” is permissive, that is the seller or buyer can pursue further, or stop, or may move forward, if they choose to do so.

PERTINENT:   Adjective, relevant or applicable to a particular matter.

PRAGMATIC (opposite of contrarian):  adjective, dealing with things sensibly and realistically in a way that is based on practical rather than theoretical considerations.  "a pragmatic approach to politics"

precursor: a person or thing that comes before another of the same kind; a forerunner.

PRICE FIXING: Price FixingPrice fixing is an agreement (written, verbal, or inferred from conduct) among competitors that raises, lowers, or stabilizes prices or competitive terms. Generally, the antitrust laws require that each company establish prices and other terms on its own, without agreeing with a competitor. 

Price-fixing is a per se antitrust violation. ... But real-estate brokers should understand that any agreement, express or implied, with a competing brokerage to charge a certain commission, or offer the same commission splits, is a per se violation of the antitrust laws, with both criminal and civil consequences.  https://www.ftc.gov/tips-advice/competition-guidance/guide-antitrust-laws/antitrust-laws

PSYCHOGRAPHICS: noun  The study and classification of people according to their attitudes, aspirations, and other psychological criteria, especially in market research.  Psychographics are kind of like demographics. Psychographic information might be your buyer's habits, hobbies, spending habits and values. Demographics explain who” your buyer is, while psychographics explain “why” they buy. Demographic information includes gender, age, income, marital status – the dry facts.   Psychographics is the study of people's attitudes and interests, often studied in conjunction with typical demographic data to build more complete profiles of target markets and audiences. Although psychographics is used in a variety of applications, its primary use is in market research

RECEIVERSHIP:  What is Receivership? The term receivership describes the process in which a 'receiver' is appointed by the creditor, typically a bank, to administer and 'receive' (i.e. liquidate) the company's assets so the secured creditors can recoup their money. Ie, The receivership is to liquidate due to bankruptcy.  (See sample ER addendum in docs tab).

RED HERRING:  Red herring is a kind of fallacy that is an irrelevant topic introduced in an argument to divert the attention of listeners or readers from the original issue.  In literature, this fallacy is often used in detective or suspense novels to mislead readers or characters, or to induce them to make false conclusions.

remit: send (money) in payment or as a gift. Remitted: past tense

RENTAL LAWS IN ARIZONA:  Very good website!     Landlordology HERE

RISK-A-VERSEadjective, disinclined or reluctant to take risks.   "risk-averse investors"

SIMULTANEOUSLY:  Adverb, At the same time

Special power of attorney:  A special power of attorney is a legal document that authorizes one person, called an agent or an attorney in fact, to act on behalf of another person, known as the principal, under specific, clearly laid-out circumstances.     https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/special-power-attorney.asp 

Tortious Interference:    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tortious_interference

Trustee:  An individual or corporation named by an individual, who sets aside property to be used for the benefit of another person, to manage the property as provided by the terms of the document that created the arrangement.     https://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/trustee 

URL: Uniform Resource Locater.  Web address displays in address bar.

VERTICAL INTEGRATION: (Also see horizontal integration): Vertical integration is a strategy whereby a company owns or controls its suppliers, distributors, or retail locations to control its value or supply chain. Vertical integration benefits companies by allowing them to control the process, reduce costs, and improve efficiencies. 

In microeconomics and management, vertical integration is an arrangement in which the supply chain of a company is owned by that company. Usually each member of the supply chain produces a different product or service, and the products combine to satisfy a common need. Wikipedia 

walk-the-talk  (Verb)  To do what one said one could do, or would do, not just making empty promises.  Origin: Variant of walk the walk, arising out of challenge: "You can talk the talk, can you walk the talk.”  English Wiktionary. Available under CC-BY-SA license.